NEW RULES 2007

Presentation to California Appellate Defense Counsel, Bay Area Chapter

January 9, 2007

By Martin Kassman, Attorney at Law

           The California Rules of Court were reorganized and renumbered, effective January 1.[1]  The Court Rules page of the Judicial Council Web site has links to all of the rules, plus conversion tables that show old rule numbers and the corresponding new rule numbers, and vice-versa.

           The appellate rules are now Title Eight of the California Rules of Court.  By going to the Title Eight table-of-contents page, you can quickly see a list of all the appellate rules, with an individual link to each rule.

Motions

          The rule on motions, which was Rule 41, now is Rule 8.54.  And there’s one change:  Instead of saying that a motion “must be accompanied by points and authorities,” the rule now says that a motion “must be accompanied by a memorandum.”  I’m not sure what exactly the change means.

Marsden Hearings

           The new rules replace the word “sealed” with the word “confidential” in referring to transcripts of hearings under People v. Marsden (1970) 2 Cal.3d 118 and in-camera proceedings.  (Rule 8.328.)

           An opening brief that includes a Marsden issue now must be accompanied by a notice stating whether the Marsden transcript contains any confidential material that is not relevant to the issues on appeal and, if so, giving the page and line numbers for the irrelevant material.  (Rule 8.328(b)(4).)  If the notice says there isn’t any confidential, irrelevant material, then the People automatically get a copy of the transcript.  If the notice says there is such material, the People can apply to get a copy of the relevant parts of the transcript.  (Rule 8.328(b)(5).)  If the notice isn’t filed, the People can apply for a copy of the transcript, and there’s an opportunity for the defendant to object within 10 days.  (Rule 8.328(b)(6).)  (ADI, for one, has already served notice that it will be displeased if appellants’ counsel rely on this “easy way out.”  ADI wants counsel to file the required notice with the opening brief.)

Failure to Timely File Opening Brief

          What used to be Rule 17 now is Rule 8.220, but that rule now only applies in civil appeals and is no longer incorporated by reference into the corresponding rule for criminal appeals.  The criminal equivalent of old Rule 17 now is Rule 8.360, and there is a substantive change.  Where appellate counsel is court-appointed, it’s no longer possible for the court to threaten that the appeal will be dismissed if the opening brief isn’t filed within 30 days.  Instead, the court can threaten to relieve appointed counsel and appoint new counsel.  (Rule 8.360(c)(5)(A)(ii).)  If appellate counsel is retained, or if it’s a People’s appeal, the sanction for failing to file an opening brief within 30 days of the notice remains dismissal of the appeal.  (Rule 8.360(c)(5)(A)(i), (iii).)

Petitions for Review

          The rules now make explicit what I always assumed, that words in footnotes count against the length limits for a petition for review, an answer, and a reply.  (Rule 8.504(d)(1).)  The same change has been made to the rule covering briefs on the merits in the Supreme Court.  (Rule 8.520(c)-(d).)

          There’s been one addition to the types of material that can be attached to a petition for review:  “Copies of relevant local, state, or federal regulations or rules, out-of-state statutes, or other similar citable materials that are not readily accessible.”  (Rule 8.504(e)(1)(C).)  Those materials, plus any exhibits or orders that counsel chooses to attach, still are subject to a 10-page limit.  (Rule 8.504(e)(2).[2]

          The list of grounds for Supreme Court review, which used to be in Rule 28(b), now is in Rule 8.500(b).  The rule on petitions for review to exhaust state remedies, which was Rule 33.3, now is Rule 8.508.

Juvenile and Capital Appeals

          Juvenile appeals and writs now are covered by Chapter 5 of the appellate rules, starting with Rule 8.400.  I haven’t attempted to find the changes in those rules, but there are some, according to a memorandum and a chart published by ADI on its Web site <http://www.adi-sandiego.com/news_alerts.html>.

          There also are some changes to the rules in capital appeals, which now start with Rule 8.600.  

Recycled Paper

          The definition of “recycled paper,” which was in Rule 40.2, has been eliminated!  We now have to figure out for ourselves what is meant by “recycled paper,” and apparently our act of filing or serving a document no longer constitutes a “certification” that the document was produced on recycled paper.

Selected New Rule Numbers

          What used to be called a Rule 35(e) letter, then for the last few years a Rule 32.1(b) letter, now is a Rule 8.340(b) letter.  (Rule 8.340(b)(1).)[3]  Rule 8.340(c) covers augmentation by way of a cross-reference to the civil appellate rule on augmentation, which used to be Rule 12 but now is Rule 8.155.

          The rule about filing a brief or petition by mail on the day it is due, which used to be Rule 40(n), then Rule 40(k), then Rule 40.1(b), now is Rule 8.25(b).

          Rule 44, where we always looked to find out how many copies we have to file and with what color cover, now has been split up.  The rule on how many copies to file now is Rule 8.44; the list of cover colors now is in Rule 8.40.

          The rules on habeas corpus appeals and writs now begin with Rule 8.380.

          The general rule on the contents and form of briefs, which used to be Rule 14, now is Rule 8.204.  That’s a civil rule, but a number of the criminal rules refer to it.

Trial Court Criminal Rules

          One bit of good news is that the criminal rules for trial courts have not been renumbered again; they’re still in Title Four and follow the 4.something format, and the rules on sentencing under the Determinate Sentencing Law still begin with Rule 4.401.

          There are a few changes.  There’s an entirely new rule covering mental competency proceedings.  (Rule 4.130.)  There are new rules on sentencing for both felony hate crimes (Rule 4.427) and misdemeanor hate crimes (Rule 4.330).  And there’s a new circumstance in aggravation where an offense constitutes a hate crime (Rule 4.421(a)(12)).

Local Rules of the Courts of Appeal

          The “Local Rules” link on the Judicial Council's Court Rules page doesn’t lead to local rules of the courts of appeal, just to a page with links to superior court rules.  If you want local rules of the Court of Appeal, you have to first go to the main Court of Appeal page, then click on the specific district you want, then click on “Local Rules.”  So there are six different Web pages for local rules of the courts of appeal.

          DCA1:  <http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappeal/1stDistrict/localrules.htm>

          DCA2:  <http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappeal/2ndDistrict/localrules.htm>

          DCA3:  <http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappeal/3rdDistrict/localrules.htm>

          DCA4:  <http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappeal/4thDistrict/localrules.htm>

          DCA5:  <http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappeal/5thDistrict/localrules.htm>

          DCA6:  <http://www.courtinfo.ca.gov/courts/courtsofappeal/6thDistrict/localrules.htm>

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[1]     Except as noted, all rule references are to the California Rules of Court.

[2]     It seems to me the Judicial Council made a mistake in Rule 8.504(e)(2) when it stated:  "The attachments under (1)(A)-(C) must not exceed a combined total of 10 pages."  Subdivision (e)(1)(A) covers "[a]n opinion or order from which the party seeks relief."  Many Court of Appeal opinions are, of course, longer than 10 pages.  The opinion from which the party seeks relief is required by Rule 8.504(b)(4) to be attached to the petition for review.  Thus, in many cases, it will be impossible to comply with Rule 8.504(b)(4) without violating the 10-page limit set forth in Rule 8.504(e)(2).  What the Judicial Council probably meant to say was that a 10-page limit applies to attachments under (1)(B)-(C), not (1)(A)-(C).

[3]     “If, after the record is certified, the superior court clerk or the reporter learns that the record omits a document or transcript that any rule or order requires to be included, the clerk must promptly copy and certify the document or the reporter must promptly prepare and certify the transcript. Without the need for a court order, the clerk must promptly send the document or transcript-as an augmentation of the record-to all those who are listed under (a)(1).”  (Rule 8.340(b)(1).)

 


Martin Kassman / marty@kassman.com

© Martin Kassman 2007